Postgraduate research students

Klaudia Szabelka is a PhD researcher at the University of Glasgow, where her academic inquiry intersects international law and cybersecurity. Her research is pivotal, focusing on the legal aspects of cyber operations of the IT Army of Ukraine in the Ukraine-Russia conflict. She is a UK Cyber Effects Network Fellow, a member of the Diversity Advisory Board of the European Society of International Law, and the Co-convener of the International Law Working Group at the University of Glasgow. Klaudia is also engaged in research at Glasgow Caledonian University, where she employs discourse analysis to explore water governance through an environmental justice lens, focusing on how policies and narratives shape equitable access and decision-making. Her work explores the evolving role of international law in responding to technological, environmental, and global governance challenges.

Klaudia holds an LLM in International Law and Security with Distinction from the University of Glasgow, and a First Class Honours degree in Politics & Economics from the same institution. She participated in specialized courses at Columbia University and Harvard University, focusing on for instance Indigenous Peoples' Rights. She gained educational experience studying in the UK, the US, Spain, Germany, Sweden, Denmark and Poland. Beyond formal education, Klaudia has actively contributed to the academic community through a variety of research assistant roles.

Research interests:

• International Law
• Law & Cyber
• Environmental Law
• Justice & Governance
• Discourse / Critical / Interdisciplinary Research

• Dr Anni Pues
• Dr Mohamad Janaby
• Professor Henry Lovat

External supervisors

Supervisors:

University of Glasgow - Schools - School of Law - Our staff - Ms Anni Pues

University of Glasgow - Schools - School of Law - Our staff - Mohamad Janaby

University of Glasgow - Schools - School of Law - Our staff - Dr Henry Lovat

Understanding Attribution in Cyberspace: An Analysis of State Responsibility under ARSIWA Article 8 and the IT Army of Ukraine
International Law Working Group – University of Edinburgh, UK (November 2025)

The Political Economy behind Environmental Justice in EU Water Reuse Governance
Political Economy Futures Forum – University of Glasgow, UK (October 2025)

Combatants or Civilians? Legal Classification of the IT Army of Ukraine under International Humanitarian Law
Regulating Security in Cyberspace – Granada Law School, Spain (June 2025)

Reclaiming Justice: EU Water Reuse Policy through an Environmental Justice Lens
4th IUCN WCEL World Environmental Law Congress – Rabat, Marocco (May 2025)

Water Reuse and Environmental Justice: Legal and Policy Challenges
The Right to a Clean, Healthy, and Sustainable Environment Across Regions – University of Southampton, UK (April 2025)

'What is the Problem Represented To Be?' Framework in an Academic Context
Public Policy Research Workshop – UNU-CRIS, Bruges, Belgium (April 2025)

A WPR-Based Critique of Water Reuse Governance in the European Union
Law as a Catalyst for Social Change – University of Aberdeen, UK (February 2025)

State Responsibility and the Legal Classification of Cyber Operations
Public Law Workshop – Sciences Po, Paris, France (June 2024)

Digital Frontiers of Peace: Legal Innovations in Cyber Warfare and the IT Army of Ukraine (Poster Presentation)
Sustainable Visions Conference – University of Glasgow, UK (May 2024)

• Business Law
• Environmental Justice Clinic
• Environmental Law